Previously, JavaScript only supported function scoping using the keyword var, but ECMAScript 2015 added the keywords let and const allowing JavaScript to support both block scoping and function scoping. Imperative and structured ĮCMAScript JavaScript supports C style structured programming. The ECMAScript language includes structured, dynamic, functional, and prototype-based features. Main articles: ECMAScript syntax and JavaScript § Features 'ECMA' stood for 'European Computer Manufacturers Association' until 1994.

Eich commented that 'ECMAScript was always an unwanted trade name that sounds like a skin disease.' ECMAScript has been formalized through operational semantics by work at Stanford University and the Department of Computing, Imperial College London for security analysis and standardization. The name 'ECMAScript' was a compromise between the organizations involved in standardizing the language, especially Netscape and Microsoft, whose disputes dominated the early standards sessions. Several editions of the language standard have been published since then. The first edition of ECMA-262 was adopted by the Ecma General Assembly in June 1997. In November 1996, Netscape announced a meeting of the Ecma International standards organization to advance the standardization of JavaScript. In December 1995, Sun Microsystems and Netscape announced JavaScript in a press release. The ECMAScript specification is a standardized specification of a scripting language developed by Brendan Eich of Netscape initially named Mocha, then LiveScript, and finally JavaScript. ECMA-262 specifies only language syntax and the semantics of the core API, such as Array, Function, and globalThis, while valid implementations of JavaScript add their own functionality such as input-output and file-system handling.

ECMAScript, ECMA-262 and JavaScript ĮCMA-262, or the ECMAScript Language Specification, defines the ECMAScript Language, or just ECMAScript. It is standardized by Ecma International in the document ECMA-262.ĮCMAScript is commonly used for client-side scripting on the World Wide Web, and it is increasingly being used for writing server-side applications and services using Node.js and other runtime environments. ECMAScript ( / ˈ ɛ k m ə s k r ɪ p t/ ES) is a JavaScript standard intended to ensure the interoperability of web pages across different browsers.

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